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Ramabai, Dongre Medhavi [Pandita Ramabai Sarasvati] (1858-1922)

Indian Christian social reformer, educator and Bible translator

Ramabai Dongre (Dongre was her family name, Medhavi her married name) was born into a high-caste Hindu family. Her father was a wandering professional reciter of Hindu epic and mythological texts. After her parents’ death in the 1874 famine, she and her brother continued the family tradition. Going to Calcutta in 1878, the titles “Pandita” and “Sarasvati” were bestowed on her as an acknowledgement of her learning. She joined the Brahmo Samaj (a reformist Hindu association) and in June 1880 married a man of much lower caste than hers. Her only child, Manorama, was born in April 1881. Less than a year later her husband died of cholera, leaving her in the unenviable situation of a high-caste Hindu widow.

Through the influence of Nehemiah Goreh’s apologetical writings she became intellectually convinced that whatever was true in the Brahmo theology was actually Christian in origin, and in 1883, during a visit to England, she was baptized in the chapel of t

Rewriting History: The Life and Times of Pandita Ramabai

Chakravarti’s biography focuses on Pandita Ramabai, an Indian feminist, anti-imperialist, and education reform activist. Ramabai wished to liberate her fellow women in India, particularly with regard to equal education. She also worked to end child marriages for young girls, giving lectures and founding a society regarding this topic. Her first book written in English, The High Caste Hindu Woman, addresses this topic and others related to women’s plight. In 1883, Ramabai travelled to Great Britain to commence medical training. Ramabai next moved to the United States, where she witnessed the first Indian woman to graduate from medical school, Anandi Gopal Joshi. Ramabai spent some time in the U.S., travelling to different cities and giving lectures. Here, she gathered material for perhaps her most well-known text today, Pandita Ramabai’s American Encounter. The biography author, Uma Chakravarti, is a well-known feminist and activist in her own right; she has been called the Mother of the Indian Women’s Movement.

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Pandita Ramabai facts for kids

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Pandita Ramabai

Christian social reformer

BornApril 23, 1858

Karnataka, India

DiedApril 5, 1922

Maharastra

Pandita Ramabai and her daughter, Manorama Bai, in a 1911 publication.

Pandita Ramabai (23 April 1858, Karnataka- 5 April 1922) was an Indian social reformer. A poet and scholar, she tried hard to change the lives of women in India for the better.

Early life and education

Pandita Ramabai Sarasvati was born as Ramabai Dongre on 23 April 1858. Her father, Anant Shastri Dongre, a Sanskrit scholar, taught her Sanskrit at home. This was in stark contrast to the prevalent customs.

Orphaned at the age of 16 during the Great Famine of 1876–78, Ramabai and her brother Srinivas continued the family tradition of traveling the country reciting Sanskrit scriptures. Ramabai was comfortable in addressing all genders but women in those times would not come out in public spaces. Sometimes, she would go inside the female quarters to convince the women to get educated. Ramabai's fame as a woman adept in Sans

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